Marshall Breeding

took a poll and more people in the room were gen xers, followed by boomers
what makes millennials tick is different than what makes boomers tick - they're different
- innate ability for technology
- frenetic multitasking
- comfortable with diverse types of digital media; books are great but youtube videos are even better
- highly interactive style of working; don't have to force them to do group projects; they're built-in to collaboration

contrasts in generations
- millennials are accustomed to receiving information quickly and from multiple sources in real time and processing it immediately, as opposed to boomers who take time to digest it
- parallel processing and multitasking vs. like to proceed step-by-step and do tasks in order
- prefer to interact with peers vs. like the role of listener or viewer
- tend to be more visual and kinesthetic learners vs. tend to be more text-based learners who are careful observers

53% of children do something else while studying (half that for adults)

shaping collections for millennial users:
content - digital/immediate
discovery - more like the web
access - anytime/anywhere

they don't pay attention to library hours
born night owls

satisfying millennial users does not conflict with needs of library users from previous generations
very much in tune with the strategic directions most libraries have toward more digital, more immediacy of access, high quality service
it's a matter of degree

changes that make things faster and better would be accepted by all users

boomers and gen xers are happier with traditional forms of content and existing modes of service
millennials will move on to non-library provided information sources and services if not readily satisfied
this isa lot at stake for the future of libraries in adapting to generational transitions

key characteristic for this generation is comfort with working with digital media
prefer graphics over text
audio (music) and video
love to remix; usually recreational, but explore ways to tap this interest with an academic slant

library collection possibilities:
- ejournals, ebooks
- podcasts of lectures
- video libraries of stock footage
- news archives
- data sets: census, GIS

question of how best to provide access to the collections we are building
how to respond to their preferences:
- immediate
- collaborative
- intuitive
- mobile
- flexible

heightened user expectations
- come in with expectations set by their experiences on the web
- conventions for navigating and exploring web-based resources well established
- dealing with learge and complex bodies of information nothing new to incoming library users
- sophisticated web skills
- low tolerance for clunky and ineffective websites
- confident in their ability - reluctant to ask for help

in libraries, our online resources don't meet their expectations, too many different interfaces, overly complex, not intuitive, have to go to different places for different formats
highly disintegrated, non-seamless environment; are millennials going to have the patience for this

metasearch isn't the answer because not immediate, shallow results sets, relevancy ranking is difficult, etc.

change is underway:
widespread dissatisfaction with OPACs
movement to break out of the current mold of catalogs and offer new interfaces
decoupling of the front-end from the back-end

web 2.0 is a good start
- more social and collaborative approach
- web tools and technology that foster collaboration
- blogs, wikis, tagging, social bookmarking, user rating, user reviews
= cream on top; need to get deeper to resolve the problems

web 2.0 supporting technologies:
- web services
- XML APIs
- AJAX
- microformats
- opensearch vs SRU/SRW
will be more relevant if we use what the rest of the world is using

replacement OPACs:
- Endeca
- AquaBrowser
common threads are:
- decoupled interface
- mass export of catalog data
- alternative search engine
- alternative interface

expanded discovery and delivery tools:
- ex libris primo
- encore (innovative)
common threads are:
- decoupled interface
- comprehensive indexes that span multiple and diverse information resources
- alternative interface

extensible catalog funded by Mellon Foundation - http://www.extensiblecatalog.info/

the catalog should give equal weight and access to print and digital; can't just slap one onto an interface built for the other

users no longer have to craft a complex search at the beginning
better to drill down through a result set incrementally narrowing the field
faceted browsing

assume your users are starting elsewhere
view the library as a search destination
expose library content and services through nonlibrary interfaces
global arena excels at discovery, while local arena focuses on content delivery
all the global content discovery tools point to locally managed content

Technorati Tags: cil2007, cil07

Alane Wilson, OCLC

today is the first public reporting of their data, although their still working through it; not done yet

network as community
online gaming, chat, group authorship
personal presence services
instant verification
wisdom of the crowd ("hive mind")

driven by unicomp
names the third wave of computing, just beginning
1 - mainframes
2 - personal computing era
3 - ubiquitous computing (the age of calm technology, where it resides in the background of our lives)

research is from US, UK, Germany, France, Japan
this time Harris translated the survey and gave it in the native language where the survey was being conducted
separate survey of 382 US librarians; had a heck of a time getting people to respond to the survey

questions from the survey:
--------------------------

thinking of your overall usage of the internet, how many years would you estimate you have been using the internet?
- librarians far exceed the general population (more than 10 years); below 7-10 years is where this reverses
"the culture of paper"

during the last 12 months, has the amount you read in any format increased, decreased, or remained the same
- again, librarians read more

do you have a current library card?
- in France & Germany, people over age 18 had the lowest number of cards

librarians do less of social networks and IM chat than the general population

we read blogs more, though
we use our own online question services more than the general population

do you participate in social networks?
librarians under the age of 49 do this more than over 50
the social networking people in that group are more likely to be doing instant messaging (finally have data to support this!)

our perceptions of privacy haven't caught up to technology

which of the following types of information have you supplied about yourself when buying things online?
- librarians are happy to give credit and debit card information beyond the general population, but we were also likely to say "none of the above"

which of the following types of information have you supplied about yourself when using social media?
- very different; don't supply physical attributes, etc.
- Japanese *never* tell anyone their religious affiliation or sexual preference (0% in each case)
interesting because things that have big uptake outside of the US have to work within these parameters across the world

for each of the following types of information you may have provided at the library, please indicate which of the following you would be willing to share?
- 36% total, US 38% don't want their library data shared
- 29% would give up data to get customized services

librarians' perceptions are in sync with this

"I trust the library" = 60% total respondents
when you're designing services, you can probably push the envelope a little if you have a high level of trust

53% agreed or strongly agreed that the library has rules about personal information
24% (I think) weren't sure

do you think it's the library's role to build a social networking site?
(wishes had asked if the library should *participate,* not build)
- general public and librarians said no way more often than "not sure" or yes
comments show they think our purpose is just to lend books and *nothing else*
- "libraries are publicly funded so money shouldn't be spent that way"
- librarians think they are too busy to do this
- "library 2.0 bs" - sees no need for that
- don't see libraries as connecting people or being social

either/or/and

Technorati Tags: cil2007, cil07

Lee Rainie

showed Ask a Ninja video from YouTube about podcasting
gave some history about Web 2.0 (O'Reilly, web as platform, community, etc.)

6 hallmarks of the Web 2.0 world that matter to libraries (based on Pew data)
---------------------------------------------------------
it's clear that something big is changing on the internet, whatever you want to call it
1. The internet has become the computer
the number of American adults who use computers is almost undistinguishable from the number that use the internet (around 75%)
at the same time, bandwidth is increasing
142 million internet users
- 75% of adult population uses internet
- 93% of teenage population uses internet
96 million using always-on, high-speed connections
- dramatically different users
Implication:
- 89% of online teens have access at home
- 75% have internet access at school
- 70% go online from a friend or relative's house
- 50% have gone online from a library
people are walking around with internet more
Implication: broadband makes web a destination, a more attractive place to be
people are just hanging out there, no grand purpose to their work
- 43% say they spend some time online just browsing for fun for no particular purpose
Implication: a lot more people use the internet every single day
Implication: broadband makes video a big part of the internet experience, complementing text
- 85% of young broadband users have watched online video
- 62% have watched YouTube videos
- 19% have posted videos
very anxious to see amateur video, as opposed to adults
attracted to the internet because the YouTube recommender system helps them find interesting and fun videos

story in the morning paper that we don't know as much as we used to
but the highest correlation for knowing what is going on in the world is watching Daily Show/Colbert Report

Implication: broadband makes people's itnernet use more social, they're sharing more stuff
- 67% of teens play games online with others
- 51% of young adults and 67% of older teens share photos on the internet

2. Tens of millions of Americans, especially the young, are creating and sharing content online
55% of online teens have created their own profile on a social network site like MySpace or Facebook, twice the number of adults (20%)
releasing a new report about this on Wednesday
in most cases, kids are being pretty shrewd and have learned to manage their personal information online
SNS profiles: "switchboards for social life"
older teenage girls are much more likely to have profiles and use all of the features than boys
kids understand the difference between friends and "friends of friends" and they treat them differently
content creation - much of it is photos (51% of young adults)
- they want comments on their photos and add them to others'
37% of all users have posted photos
cell phone and digital camera are important forms of communication now
39% of online teens share their own creations online (artwork, photos, stories, videos), as opposed to 22% of adults
33% are tech support for their families, groups, friends, school assignments, etc.
28% of teens have blogs, 33% of college students, 12% of adults
vast majority of bloggers are publishing intimate, authentic information about their lives for a small audience
27% of online teens report keeping their own personal webpage (14% of online adults)
26% say they remix content they find online into their own artistic creations (9% of adults)
- includes Photoshop and mixing images, music, etc.
19% of online young adults have created an avatar that interacts with others online (9%)
15% of young adults internet users have uploaded videos to the web (twice as many as adults)

if want to attract these kids, have to offer them tools for creating things with you, game with you

3. Even more internet users are accessing the content created by others
Long Tail audience for all that content people are creating
46% of young internet users read blogs
44% of young adults internet users seek information at Wikipedia sites
- accessing new information content
college students use it a lot, well-educated people use it a lot
what we don't see is that folks think Wikipedia is the end-all-be-all for information
if they are stumped after checking Wikipedia, they'll ping their social network
one of the big stories about the importance of the internet in peoples' lives is that they are turning to human beings to help validate and assess the credibility of the information they got from the internet
14% of young users have downloaded podcasts

4. Many are sharing what they know and what they feel online and this building conversations and communities
33% of young adult internet users have rated a person, product, or service online (ratemyprofessors.com, amazon, amIhotornot, etc.)
32% of online young adults have tagged online content
25% of younger internet users have commented on videos (as well as on photos and blogs)

5. Tens of thousands are contributing their knowledge and power to commons
40%+ of itnernet users participate in peer-to-peer exchanges
- 10,000-30,000 active developers in the global open source movement
- Millions participating in grid computing

6. Online Americans are customizing their online experiences thanks to Web 2.0 tools
rearrange material in the way they want
40% of younger internet users customize news and other information pages; half are on speciality mailing lists
1/4-1/3 of younger ineternet users get RSS feeds
RSS now is so directly built into things that most people don't even know they're using
difficult for Pew to measure this anymore

5 issues libraries and all online participants must struggle to address
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
from library blogger Pam Berger (infosearcher.com)
1. navigation - transitioning from linear to nonlinear in format
big challenge for information searches now

2. context - learning to see connections between disaggregated content
users themselves are highly contextual users
the nature of their search influences what they will use and you have to understand that
the level of trust the person has is important
have to think about this plus their technology environment
will serve differently the same information need from a blogger/video user and someone who isn't

3. focus - practicing reflection and deep thinking
"continuous partial attention" means focus becomes a major issue
the most abundant time for people to come up with new ideas is when they are in relaxation mode

4. skepticism - learning to evaluate information
need for media literacy

5. ethical behavior - understanding the rules of cyberspace
when is it okay to have a cell phone conversation in a public place?
when can you shut off your phone and be unreachable and not tick off your friends?
privacy and disclosure - mismatch between the ability to publish anything and everything but people forget that all of that is out there for good

showed the Web 2.0 video from KSU professor

laughter:
"the web is us"

Technorati Tags: cil2007, cil07

kawashima image generator, originally uploaded by The Shifted Librarian.

Anyone that has played Brain Age on the Nintendo DS handheld knows this face. It's Dr. Ryuta Kawashima, the Japanese neuroscientist behind the game's creation who also appears in the game periodically to give tips and advice. It's based on his findings that playing video games a few minutes a day can help ward off Alzheiner's and dementia.

Yesterday I found the Brain Age Dr. Ryuta Kawashima Image Generator, which lets you make the good doctor say anything with one of three faces (calm, laughing, or staring straight ahead). This image is definitely going in today's presentation.

See, even Dr. Kawashima thinks gaming and libraries are a good fit. ;-)